What is the function of a sedimentation basin in water treatment?

The function of a sedimentation basin in water treatment is primarily to allow suspended solids to settle out of the water. When raw water enters a sedimentation basin, the flow of water is slowed, which creates conditions that facilitate the settling of particulate matter due to gravity. This process effectively removes larger and denser particles, such as sediment and debris, which can then be removed from the bottom of the basin.

This step is crucial in the water treatment process because it helps to improve the overall quality of the water by reducing turbidity and preparing the water for subsequent treatment processes. By removing these suspended solids, the sedimentation basin enhances the efficiency of subsequent filtration and disinfection stages, leading to safer and cleaner drinking water.