What is the most common disinfection method used in very small water systems?

Chlorination is widely recognized as the most common disinfection method used in very small water systems due to its cost-effectiveness, ease of application, and proven effectiveness against a broad spectrum of pathogens. The use of chlorine not only disinfects water by neutralizing harmful microorganisms, but it also leaves a residual effect that continues to protect water quality as it travels through the distribution system. This residual capacity is particularly important for small systems that may not have the same level of monitoring and control over water quality as larger systems.

Additionally, chlorination is highly adaptable, allowing operators of very small systems to use various forms of chlorine, such as gas, liquid chlorine, or solid tablets, depending on the specific requirements and constraints of their system. This versatility makes it an ideal option for systems with limited resources and capabilities.

In contrast, although methods like ultraviolet light treatment, ozone treatment, and filtration do play important roles in water treatment processes, they are typically more expensive, require more complex infrastructure, or do not provide the same residual protection as chlorination. These factors contribute to chlorination’s status as the preferred disinfection method in very small water systems.