What is the purpose of a hydrological study in water resource management?

A hydrological study plays a critical role in water resource management by assessing the availability and quality of water in a specific area. This type of study involves analyzing the movement, distribution, and properties of water within the environment, including surface water and groundwater. By understanding these factors, water resource managers can make informed decisions about how to sustainably utilize water for various purposes, such as drinking water supply, agricultural irrigation, and ecosystem support.

Focusing on water availability allows managers to determine how much water can be reliably accessed over time, while assessing water quality is essential to ensure that the water meets safety standards for consumption and environmental health. Together, these aspects form the foundation for effective water resource planning and management, helping to address current demands and anticipate future challenges.

This emphasis on both availability and quality explains why this choice is the most accurate in the context of a hydrological study's purpose. The other options, while related to broader aspects of water management, do not specifically address the core intent and outcomes of a hydrological study.